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Statement 1 is TRUE. A private cloud is defined as cloud computing resources used exclusively by a single business or organization. When a company owns, operates, and maintains its own datacenter hardware to provide virtualized services to its internal users, it is operating an on-premises private cloud. The key characteristic is the dedicated, non-shared nature of the infrastructure.

Statement 2 is FALSE. This scenario describes a hybrid cloud. A hybrid cloud architecture combines a private cloud (the company's on-premises servers) with one or more public cloud services (Azure Backup). Since a public cloud service is being used to extend the capabilities of the private infrastructure, the entire solution is hybrid, not purely private.

Statement 3 is TRUE. A public cloud consists of services offered by a third-party provider over the public internet, making them available to anyone who wants to use or purchase them. Azure Virtual Desktop is a service delivered entirely on Microsoft's Azure infrastructure, which is a public cloud platform. Users consume this as a service without managing the underlying hardware.

National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). (2011). The NIST Definition of Cloud Computing (Special Publication 800-145). U.S. Department of Commerce.

Section: 2. Deployment Models: "Private cloud: The cloud infrastructure is provisioned for exclusive use by a single organization... It may be owned, managed, and operated by the organization... or a third party and it may exist on or off premises."

Section: 2. Deployment Models: "Public cloud: The cloud infrastructure is provisioned for open use by the general public... It is owned, managed, and operated by a business, academic, or government organization..."

Section: 2. Deployment Models: "Hybrid cloud: The cloud infrastructure is a composition of two or more distinct cloud infrastructures (private, community, or public) that remain unique entities but are bound together by standardized or proprietary technology..."

Microsoft Azure Documentation. What are public, private, and hybrid clouds? Microsoft.

This document explicitly defines a public cloud as owned by a cloud provider, a private cloud as resources used exclusively by one organization, and a hybrid cloud as an environment that combines public and private clouds.

Microsoft Azure Documentation. What is Azure Virtual Desktop? Microsoft.

This page describes Azure Virtual Desktop as a "desktop and app virtualization service that runs on the cloud," confirming its nature as a public cloud service provided through Azure.