B: True. This MERGE statement should execute without errors. It uses a conditionally filtered selection from the products table as a source to update or delete rows in the new_prices table based on whether the prod_id matches and the cost is greater than 150. The delete operation within a MERGE statement is allowed in Oracle when a WHEN MATCHED clause is specified. The MERGE statement is correctly structured with a USING clause that includes a subquery with a valid WHERE condition, an ON condition that specifies how to match rows between the source and the target, and a WHEN MATCHED THEN clause that specifies the update and delete operations based on the cost condition.
Reference: Oracle SQL documentation specifies that within a MERGE statement, you can specify a WHEN MATCHED clause to update and/or delete rows in the target table based on the condition specified after the DELETE keyword.