In JavaScript, a standard function declaration follows the syntax: function functionName(parameters) { ... }. The keyword function indicates the start of a function definition. This is followed by the name given to the function, which is used to call it later. In the provided code, function square(number) { ... }, the name of the function is square.

A. Function is a keyword used to declare a function; it is not the name of this specific function.

B. Number is the name of the parameter that the function accepts as input. It acts as a local variable within the function's scope.

C. Return is a keyword that specifies the value the function should output when it is called and completes its execution.

1. Mozilla Developer Network (MDN). (n.d.). Functions. In JavaScript | MDN. Retrieved from https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Functions. (See the "Defining functions" section).

2. ECMA International. (2023). ECMAScript® 2023 Language Specification (Standard ECMA-262, 14th ed.). Section 15.2, "Function Definitions".

3. Flanagan, D. (2020). JavaScript: The Definitive Guide (7th ed.). O'Reilly Media. Chapter 8, "Functions," section on "Function Declarations".