1. Veeam Backup & Replication v12 User Guide for VMware vSphere
"Hardened Repository" section: This section details the requirements and functionality of the Linux Hardened Repository
stating
"To protect your backups from loss as a result of ransomware or other malicious attacks
you can prohibit deletion of data from the hardened repository by making it temporarily immutable." This supports option D as the correct method for on-premises immutability.
2. Veeam Backup & Replication v12 User Guide for VMware vSphere
"Immutability" (under Amazon S3 Object Storage): This section explains
"For Amazon S3 object storage repositories
Veeam Backup & Replication supports immutability... This feature helps to protect your data from being modified or deleted by malware or other attacks." This directly supports option E.
3. Veeam VMCE v12 Student Guide
Module 4: Backup Repositories: This guide explicitly lists the repository types that support immutability: Linux Hardened Repositories
specific deduplication appliances
and object storage with Object Lock/versioning. It clarifies that standard Windows or NAS (SMB/NFS) repositories do not have this capability
making option A incorrect.