Terraform manages and tracks the state of infrastructure resources through a file known as

terraform.tfstate. This file is automatically created by Terraform and is updated after the application

of a Terraform plan to capture the current state of the resources.

State File Purpose: The terraform.tfstate file contains a JSON object that records the IDs and

properties of resources Terraform manages, so that it can map real-world resources to your

configuration, keep track of metadata, and improve performance for large infrastructures.

State File Management: This file is crucial for Terraform to perform resource updates, deletions, and

for creating dependencies. It's essentially the 'source of truth' for Terraform about your managed

infrastructure and services.

Reference: This behavior is documented in Terraform's official documentation, which explains how

the terraform.tfstate file is used to keep track of the infrastructure Terraform is managing.