NetApp offers both hardware-based and software-based data-at-rest encryption. Hardware encryption offloads the cryptographic operations to dedicated hardware, typically the storage drives themselves.

NetApp Storage Encryption (NSE) is the solution name for NetApp's hardware-based, full-disk encryption, which uses self-encrypting drives (SEDs). NVMe self-encrypting drives (SEDs) are a specific type of drive where the encryption engine is a hardware component of the drive itself, performing continuous encryption without impacting host performance. Both represent hardware-level encryption offerings from NetApp.

C. NetApp Aggregate Encryption (NAE): This is a software-based encryption feature that encrypts an entire aggregate. The encryption process is handled by the storage controller's CPU, not by the drive hardware.

D. NetApp Volume Encryption (NVE): This is a software-based encryption feature that provides granular, per-volume encryption. Like NAE, it relies on the storage controller's CPU for cryptographic operations.

1. NetApp, Inc. (2023). TR-4567: In-Band and Out-of-Band Key Management for NetApp Storage Encryption.

Page 5, Section "NetApp Storage Encryption": "NetApp Storage Encryption (NSE) is NetApp’s implementation of full-disk encryption (FDE) using self-encrypting drives (SEDs). The encryption engine is a hardware component of the drive, and the drive performs encryption and decryption of data as it is written to and read from the magnetic media." This supports answers A and B.

2. NetApp, Inc. (2023). ONTAP 9.13.1 Security and data encryption overview.

Section "Data-at-rest encryption": This document explicitly distinguishes between the two types of encryption. It states, "ONTAP supports two types of data-at-rest encryption: NetApp Volume Encryption (NVE) and NetApp Aggregate Encryption (NAE) are software-based... NetApp Storage Encryption (NSE) is hardware-based encryption." This confirms that NAE and NVE are software-based and thus incorrect options.