Process technology refers to information management systems, automation, and productivity tools.

Capacity (A) is related to resource planning.

Supply network design (B) deals with supplier relationships and logistics.

Development and organisational design (D) is about people, structures, and hierarchies.

(LO 2.1, See p.71)

Loading refers to allocating work to a person or machine—essentially "loading" them with tasks. It

helps determine workload distribution for maximum efficiency. (See p.180)

A negative variance to budget means that the company spent £200 less than expected, which is a

positive outcome. While it may seem counterintuitive, a negative variance in this context indicates

cost savings rather than overspending. Option D is incorrect because the organisation has saved

£200, not gained it. (See p.198)

Start to start means two different organisations at different levels of the supply chain begin their

work simultaneously rather than sequentially. This is the opposite of a start to finish system, where

the next process starts only when the previous one is completed. (See LO 1.2, p.19)