To include a grid or form in an admin page layout using the UI Component, the correct approach is to

use the within a

block of the layout XML file. This method directly

the UI component's configuration file

(e.g., example_listing.xml) which defines the structure and functionality of the UI component, such

as grids or forms. This configuration file is located under the view/adminhtml/ui_component

directory of the corresponding module​​.

A quote is a temporary object that represents the customer’s shopping cart before it is converted

into an order1. A quote can be created by a guest or a registered customer, and it can be active or

inactive depending on whether the customer has completed the checkout process or not2.

The quote table stores the basic information about the quote, such as the customer ID, email,

currency, subtotal, grand total, shipping method, payment method, and so on2. Each row in the

quote table corresponds to one quote object, identified by a unique entity ID2.

The quote item table stores the details of each product added to the quote, such as the product ID,

SKU, name, price, quantity, discount amount, tax amount, and so on2. Each row in the quote item

table corresponds to one quote item object, identified by a unique item ID2. A quote item object is

associated with a quote object by the quote ID column in the quote item table2.

When a customer adds a product to the cart, Magento creates or updates a quote object and a quote

item object for that product. The quote object is initialized by the Magento\Quote\Model\Quote

class, which implements the Magento\Quote\Api\Data\CartInterface interface3. The quote item

object is initialized by the Magento\Quote\Model\Quote\Item class, which implements the

Magento\Quote\Api\Data\CartItemInterface interface3.

Magento uses various classes and interfaces to manipulate the quote and quote item objects, such

as

the

Magento\Quote\Model\QuoteRepository

class,

which

implements

the

Magento\Quote\Api\CartRepositoryInterface interface for saving and retrieving quotes from the

database3, and the Magento\Quote\Model\QuoteManagement class, which implements the

Magento\Quote\Api\CartManagementInterface interface for creating and submitting quotes to

orders3.

Magento also uses various events and observers to perform additional actions on the quote and

quote item objects, such as applying discounts, calculating taxes, validating stock availability, and so

on.

Some

of

these

events

are:

sales_quote_add_item,

sales_quote_collect_totals_before,

sales_quote_collect_totals_after,

sales_quote_save_before,

sales_quote_save_after,

sales_model_service_quote_submit_before, sales_model_service_quote_submit_after.

Magento provides various APIs for interacting with the quote and quote item objects, such as the

Magento\Quote\Api\CartManagementInterface API for creating empty carts and placing orders from

carts, the Magento\Quote\Api\CartItemRepositoryInterface API for adding, updating, and removing

items from carts, and the Magento\Quote\Api\CouponManagementInterface API for managing

coupons for carts.

The

two

methods

that

add

sorting

to

collections

inherited

from

the

\Magento\Framework\Model\ResourceModel\Db\Collection\AbstractCollection class are setOrder

and addOrder. These methods allow adding one or more order clauses to a collection query.

The setSorting and addSorting methods do not exist in Adobe Commerce.

Verified Reference: [Adobe Commerce Developer Guide - Collections]

In

Magento

2,

collections

inherited

from

\Magento\Framework\Model\ResourceModel\Db\Collection\AbstractCollection class can be sorted

using the setOrder and addOrder methods. The setOrder method is used to set the order for a field in

the collection, specifying the field by which to sort and the direction of the sorting (ASC or DESC).

The addOrder method is similar but allows for adding multiple sorting orders to the collection,

enabling more complex sorting scenarios. There are no setSorting or addSorting methods in the

standard Magento 2 collection classes.

The web directory contains the static files that can be loaded directly. This directory includes files

such as CSS, JavaScript, and images.

In Adobe Commerce themes, the web directory is used to store static files such as CSS, JavaScript,

images, and fonts. These files can be loaded directly by the browser. The preprocessed and assets

directories do not exist as standard directories in the theme structure for containing directly loadable

static files.

If a developer wants to allow the removal of columns from the database when deleting them from

db.schema.xml, they need to define the removable columns in the db_schema_whitelist.json file.

This file will tell Magento which columns can be removed from the database.

To allow columns to be removed from the database when they are deleted from db_schema.xml,

they must be listed in the db_schema_whitelist.json file. This file acts as a reference for which

database schema elements are safe to modify or delete, providing a safeguard against unintentional

data loss during schema updates.