You are migrating a latency-sensitive on-premises analytics app to AWS. It needs high IOPS (up to 100,000) and sub-millisecond latency. What's the best EBS volume type?

You want to protect both CloudFront and ALB endpoints from OWASP Top 10 attacks. How should you deploy AWS WAF?

Which migration pattern refers to re-deploying an app in AWS with minimal code changes, like swapping out on-prem DB for RDS?

You want to collect disk space, memory, and app logs from EC2 instances. What is required?

You need to ensure end-to-end encryption and integrity for data in transit between two AWS services. What should you use?

A web app has /api, /admin, and /public endpoints served by different services. What’s the MOST efficient way to route?

You need highly available hybrid connectivity between your AWS VPC and on-premises datacenter. What’s the BEST approach?

You want to query archived data stored in S3 without loading it into Redshift. What should you use?

You want EC2 instances to scale based on number of messages in an SQS queue. What should you do?

You want to provide secure shell access to EC2 instances in private subnets without managing bastion hosts. What is the best approach?

You have two accounts: Account A runs an API Gateway, and Account B runs a Lambda function that needs to call it. What is the best secure solution?

You want to store 200 TB of application logs with frequent access in first 30 days, then infrequent access for compliance (7 years). What’s the MOST cost-effective S3 strategy?

An application has RTO of 15 minutes and RPO of near-zero. It must run across two AWS Regions. What architecture supports this?

A team is using AWS Lambda heavily and costs are rising. Which approach helps reduce cost without changing architecture?

You are building a global e-commerce app. Customers need low-latency read access to product data globally. Which database solution is best?

You have an S3 bucket storing sensitive financial reports. The data must only be accessible to the finance department from a specific VPC. What should you do?

You’re migrating an on-prem Oracle data warehouse to AWS. What is the most scalable and serverless solution?

A company wants high availability for their web app across 2 Regions. What should be used for automated DNS failover?

Your app uses AWS SDK to access S3, DynamoDB, and KMS. What is the BEST practice for securing access?

You run a Linux-based application on EC2 that requires shared, elastic, POSIX-compliant storage. What’s the BEST choice?

You want to securely expose an internal service in one VPC to another VPC in a different account, without full VPC peering. What should you use?

You run an Aurora PostgreSQL cluster and need high read throughput. What should you do?

You need to move 100 TB of on-prem data to Amazon S3 over a low-bandwidth connection. What’s the MOST efficient method?

You want to deploy a complex serverless app with multiple Lambda functions, DynamoDB, and API Gateway. What’s the MOST efficient way?

A web app requires rapid scaling under unpredictable traffic. What should you configure?

A security team wants near real-time visibility into API calls across all AWS accounts. What's the MOST efficient way?

You must store confidential regulatory data in S3 and need full control over encryption key lifecycle. Which solution should you use?

A batch job runs once a week and completes in 3 hours. What is the most cost-effective instance purchase option?

A company is migrating workloads from on-prem to AWS and wants to extend its IP range to the cloud. What is the MOST scalable and secure way to achieve this?

A team wants developers to launch only t3.micro EC2 instances. How do you restrict this while allowing full EC2 access otherwise?

A healthcare company needs an active-passive disaster recovery (DR) strategy across two AWS Regions for its sensitive patient portal. RTO is 30 minutes, RPO is 5 minutes. Which solution BEST meets these requirements?

A company needs to modernize a legacy .NET Framework application. The application uses an application server and a Microsoft SQL Server database.

The company also needs to perform the following tasks:

Containerize the application into microservices.

* Keep control of the operating system patches and storage for the application layer.

* Add load balancing for the web servers.

* Make the application highly available.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

A company is migrating a monolithic on-premises .NET Framework production application to AWS. Application demand will grow exponentially in the next 6 months. The company must ensure that the application can scale appropriately.

The application currently connects to a Microsoft SQL Server transactional database. The company has well-documented source code for the application. Some business logic is contained within stored procedures.

A solutions architect must recommend a solution to redesign the application to meet the growth in demand.

Which solution will meet this requirement MOST cost-effectively?

A company is planning to migrate an application from on premises to the AWS Cloud The company will begin the migration by moving the application underlying data storage to AWS The application data is stored on a shared tile system on premises and the application servers connect to the shared file system through SMB

A solutions architect must implement a solution that uses an Amazon S3 bucket for shared storage. Until the application is fully migrated and code is rewritten to use native Amazon S3 APIs the application must continue to have access to the data through SMB The solutions architect must migrate the application data to AWS (o its new location while still allowing the on-premises application to access the data

Which solution will meet these requirements?

A company is running a serverless ecommerce application on AWS. The application uses Amazon API Gateway to invoke AWS Lambda Java functions. The Lambda functions connect to an Amazon RDS for MySQL database to store data.

During a recent sale event, a sudden increase in web traffic resulted in poor API performance and database connection failures. The company needs to implement a solution to minimize the latency for the Lambda functions and to support bursts in traffic.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST amount of change to the application?

A solutions architect needs to advise a company on how to migrate its on-premises data processing application to the AWS Cloud. Currently, users upload input files through a web portal. The web server then stores the uploaded files on NAS and messages the processing server over a message queue. Each media file can take up to 1 hour to process. The company has determined that the number of media files awaiting processing is significantly higher during business hours, with the number of files rapidly declining after business hours.

What is the MOST cost-effective migration recommendation?

A company uses AWS Organizations with a single OU named Production to manage multiple accounts. All accounts are members of the Production OU. Administrators use deny list SCPs in the root of the organization to manage access to restricted services.
The company recently acquired a new business unit and invited the new unit’s existing AWS account to the organization. Once onboarded, the administrators of the new business unit discovered that they are not able to update existing AWS Config rules to meet the company’s policies.
Which option will allow administrators to make changes and continue to enforce the current policies without introducing additional long-term maintenance?

A security engineer determined that an existing application retrieves credentials to an Amazon RDS for MySQL database from an encrypted file in Amazon S3. For the next version of the application, the security engineer wants to implement the following application design changes to improve security:
The database must use strong, randomly generated passwords stored in a secure AWS managed service.
The application resources must be deployed through AWS CloudFormation.
The application must rotate credentials for the database every 90 days.
A solutions architect will generate a CloudFormation template to deploy the application.
Which resources specified in the CloudFormation template will meet the security engineer’s requirements with the LEAST amount of operational overhead?

A company is running a data-intensive application on AWS. The application runs on a cluster of hundreds of Amazon EC2 instances. A shared file system also runs on several EC2 instances that store 200 TB of data. The application reads and modifies the data on the shared file system and generates a report. The job runs once monthly, reads a subset of the files from the shared file system, and takes about 72 hours to complete. The compute instances scale in an Auto Scaling group, but the instances that host the shared file system run continuously. The compute and storage instances are all in the same AWS Region.
A solutions architect needs to reduce costs by replacing the shared file system instances. The file system must provide high performance access to the needed data for the duration of the 72-hour run.
Which solution will provide the LARGEST overall cost reduction while meeting these requirements?

A company needs to implement a patching process for its servers. The on-premises servers and Amazon EC2 instances use a variety of tools to perform patching. Management requires a single report showing the patch status of all the servers and instances.
Which set of actions should a solutions architect take to meet these requirements?

A company is providing weather data over a REST-based API to several customers. The API is hosted by Amazon API Gateway and is integrated with different AWS Lambda functions for each API operation. The company uses Amazon Route 53 for DNS and has created a resource record of weather.example.com. The company stores data for the API in Amazon DynamoDB tables. The company needs a solution that will give the API the ability to fail over to a different AWS Region.
Which solution will meet these requirements?

A software company has deployed an application that consumes a REST API by using Amazon API Gateway, AWS Lambda functions, and an Amazon DynamoDB table. The application is showing an increase in the number of errors during PUT requests. Most of the PUT calls come from a small number of clients that are authenticated with specific API keys.
A solutions architect has identified that a large number of the PUT requests originate from one client. The API is noncritical, and clients can tolerate retries of unsuccessful calls. However, the errors are displayed to customers and are causing damage to the API’s reputation.
What should the solutions architect recommend to improve the customer experience?

A company has a web application that allows users to upload short videos. The videos are stored on Amazon EBS volumes and analyzed by custom recognition software for categorization.
The website contains static content that has variable traffic with peaks in certain months. The architecture consists of Amazon EC2 instances running in an Auto Scaling group for the web application and EC2 instances running in an Auto Scaling group to process an Amazon SQS queue. The company wants to re-architect the application to reduce operational overhead using AWS managed services where possible and remove dependencies on third-party software.
Which solution meets these requirements?

A company wants to use a third-party software-as-a-service (SaaS) application. The third-party SaaS application is consumed through several API calls. The third-party SaaS application also runs on AWS inside a VPC.
The company will consume the third-party SaaS application from inside a VPC. The company has internal security policies that mandate the use of private connectivity that does not traverse the internet. No resources that run in the company VPC are allowed to be accessed from outside the company’s VPC. All permissions must conform to the principles of least privilege.
Which solution meets these requirements?

A company has a serverless application comprised of Amazon CloudFront, Amazon API Gateway, and AWS Lambda functions. The current deployment process of the application code is to create a new version number of the Lambda function and run an AWS CLI script to update. If the new function version has errors, another CLI script reverts by deploying the previous working version of the function. The company would like to decrease the time to deploy new versions of the application logic provided by the Lambda functions, and also reduce the time to detect and revert when errors are identified.
How can this be accomplished?

A company used Amazon EC2 instances to deploy a web fleet to host a blog site. The EC2 instances are behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) and are configured in an Auto Scaling group. The web application stores all blog content on an Amazon EFS volume.
The company recently added a feature for bloggers to add video to their posts, attracting 10 times the previous user traffic. At peak times of day, users report buffering and timeout issues while attempting to reach the site or watch videos.
Which is the MOST cost-efficient and scalable deployment that will resolve the issues for users?

A company needs to architect a hybrid DNS solution. This solution will use an Amazon Route 53 private hosted zone for the domain cloud.example.com for the resources stored within VPCs.
The company has the following DNS resolution requirements:
On-premises systems should be able to resolve and connect to cloud.example.com.
All VPCs should be able to resolve cloud.example.com.
There is already an AWS Direct Connect connection between the on-premises corporate network and AWS Transit Gateway.
Which architecture should the company use to meet these requirements with the HIGHEST performance?

A company is running a two-tier web-based application in an on-premises data center. The application layer consists of a single server running a stateful application. The application connects to a PostgreSQL database running on a separate server. The application’s user base is expected to grow significantly, so the company is migrating the application and database to AWS. The solution will use Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL, Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling, and Elastic Load Balancing.
Which solution will provide a consistent user experience that will allow the application and database tiers to scale?

A company is using an on-premises Active Directory service for user authentication. The company wants to use the same authentication service to sign in to the company’s AWS accounts, which are using AWS Organizations. AWS Site-to-Site VPN connectivity already exists between the on-premises environment and all the company’s AWS accounts.
The company’s security policy requires conditional access to the accounts based on user groups and roles. User identities must be managed in a single location.
Which solution will meet these requirements?

A company uses an on-premises data analytics platform. The system is highly available in a fully redundant configuration across 12 servers in the company’s data center.
The system runs scheduled jobs, both hourly and daily, in addition to one-time requests from users. Scheduled jobs can take between 20 minutes and 2 hours to finish running and have tight SLAs. The scheduled jobs account for 65% of the system usage. User jobs typically finish running in less than 5 minutes and have no SLA. The user jobs account for 35% of system usage. During system failures, scheduled jobs must continue to meet SLAs. However, user jobs can be delayed.
A solutions architect needs to move the system to Amazon EC2 instances and adopt a consumption-based model to reduce costs with no long-term commitments. The solution must maintain high availability and must not affect the SLAs.
Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

A company that has multiple AWS accounts is using AWS Organizations. The company’s AWS accounts host VPCs, Amazon EC2 instances, and containers.
The company’s compliance team has deployed a security tool in each VPC where the company has deployments. The security tools run on EC2 instances and send information to the AWS account that is dedicated for the compliance team. The company has tagged all the compliance-related resources with a key of “costCenter” and a value or “compliance”.
The company wants to identify the cost of the security tools that are running on the EC2 instances so that the company can charge the compliance team’s AWS account. The cost calculation must be as accurate as possible.
What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?

A company is running an application on several Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group behind an Application Load Balancer. The load on the application varies throughout the day, and EC2 instances are scaled in and out on a regular basis. Log files from the EC2 instances are copied to a central Amazon S3 bucket every 15 minutes. The security team discovers that log files are missing from some of the terminated EC2 instances.
Which set of actions will ensure that log files are copied to the central S3 bucket from the terminated EC2 instances?

A company with global offices has a single 1 Gbps AWS Direct Connect connection to a single AWS Region. The company’s on-premises network uses the connection to communicate with the company’s resources in the AWS Cloud. The connection has a single private virtual interface that connects to a single VPC.
A solutions architect must implement a solution that adds a redundant Direct Connect connection in the same Region. The solution also must provide connectivity to other Regions through the same pair of Direct Connect connections as the company expands into other Regions.
Which solution meets these requirements?

A company is planning to store a large number of archived documents and make the documents available to employees through the corporate intranet. Employees will access the system by connecting through a client VPN service that is attached to a VPC. The data must not be accessible to the public.
The documents that the company is storing are copies of data that is held on physical media elsewhere. The number of requests will be low. Availability and speed of retrieval are not concerns of the company.
Which solution will meet these requirements at the LOWEST cost?

A company uses a service to collect metadata from applications that the company hosts on premises. Consumer devices such as TVs and internet radios access the applications. Many older devices do not support certain HTTP headers and exhibit errors when these headers are present in responses. The company has configured an on-premises load balancer to remove the unsupported headers from responses sent to older devices, which the company identified by the User-Agent headers.
The company wants to migrate the service to AWS, adopt serverless technologies, and retain the ability to support the older devices. The company has already migrated the applications into a set of AWS Lambda functions.
Which solution will meet these requirements?

A company is running a traditional web application on Amazon EC2 instances. The company needs to refactor the application as microservices that run on containers. Separate versions of the application exist in two distinct environments: production and testing. Load for the application is variable, but the minimum load and the maximum load are known. A solutions architect needs to design the updated application with a serverless architecture that minimizes operational complexity.
Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?