Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

Using natural light as a primary source of ambient lighting is a sustainable strategy to improve indoor

environmental quality and reduce energy consumption. However, careful control of daylighting is

essential to avoid glare and overheating.

Exterior shading devices (such as louvers, overhangs, and fins) are critical in managing solar heat

gain and glare by controlling direct sunlight before it enters the building envelope. They help

maintain visual comfort and reduce cooling loads, directly impacting energy costs and occupant

comfort.

Operable windows on opposite walls facilitate cross ventilation, which is beneficial for natural

ventilation but does not directly control daylighting quality or energy use related to lighting.

Clear glazing window wall systems maximize daylight penetration but can increase solar heat gain if

not properly shaded, thus increasing cooling loads.

Single switched lighting controls are a basic electrical feature and do not influence daylighting quality

or energy efficiency related to natural light.

NCARB's PPD guidelines emphasize integrating exterior shading as a passive design strategy to

optimize daylight use and reduce reliance on mechanical cooling and artificial lighting, improving

building performance sustainably.

Reference:

ARE 5.0 Project Planning & Design – Environmental Conditions and Context

The Architect’s Handbook of Professional Practice, 15th Edition – Sustainable Design and Daylighting

NCARB Guidelines on Daylighting and Energy Efficiency