Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

Passive solar design in the northern hemisphere relies on maximizing solar gain during the winter

while minimizing overheating during summer.

Deciduous trees located on the south side provide shade during the summer (when they have

leaves), reducing cooling loads, and allow sunlight to penetrate in the winter after leaf fall,

enhancing solar heat gain. This seasonal shading improves comfort and energy efficiency.

Eliminating insulated glazing on the north walls (B) increases heat loss, which is undesirable in cold

climates.

Reducing heat storage capacity (C) lowers the building’s thermal mass, decreasing its ability to

moderate temperature swings, which is counterproductive.

Installing electric baseboard heating (D) is a mechanical solution and does not enhance passive solar

design.

Therefore, option A is the best strategy consistent with passive solar principles.

Reference:

ARE 5.0 PPD – Environmental Conditions and Context, Passive Solar Design

The Architect’s Handbook of Professional Practice, 15th Edition – Sustainable Design Strategies