The objective is to create a measure that calculates the number of deliveries based on the destination location. The provided data model shows an active relationship between Dim Location and Fact Deliveries on the origin location, and an inactive relationship on the destination location.

To perform a calculation using an inactive relationship, you must use the CALCULATE function to modify the filter context. The USERELATIONSHIP function is then used as a filter argument within CALCULATE to activate the specified inactive relationship for the duration of that specific calculation.

Therefore, the correct DAX expression is:

Deliveries by Destination = CALCULATE([Deliveries], USERELATIONSHIP('Dim Location'[Location ID], 'Fact Deliveries'[Destination Location ID]))

Microsoft Documentation, Data Analysis Expressions (DAX) Reference:

CALCULATE function: The documentation states, "Evaluates an expression in a modified filter context." This is the primary function needed to change how the [Deliveries] measure is calculated.

Source: Microsoft Docs, "CALCULATE function (DAX) - DAX".

USERELATIONSHIP function: The official documentation specifies, "USERELATIONSHIP specifies the relationship to be used in a specific calculation... It is used within functions that take a filter as an argument, such as the CALCULATE... functions." This confirms its role as the modifier inside CALCULATE to activate the inactive path.

Source: Microsoft Docs, "USERELATIONSHIP function (DAX) - DAX".

Russo, M., & Ferrari, A. (2020). Definitive Guide to DAX: Business intelligence for Microsoft Power BI, SQL Server Analysis Services, and Excel (2nd ed.). Microsoft Press.

Chapter 5, "Working with multiple tables": This chapter details the concept of active and inactive relationships. It explains that only one relationship between two tables can be active at a time and that USERELATIONSHIP must be used within a CALCULATE function to enable calculations over an inactive relationship. (Specific patterns are discussed in the "Multiple relationships between tables" section).