Applying Erikson's psychosocial development theory, the nurse should instruct the parents to

observe and respond to the newborn's signals of needs. According to Erikson, the first stage of

psychosocial development is "Trust vs. Mistrust," which occurs from birth to approximately 18

months.

Trust vs. Mistrust: In this stage, infants learn to trust their caregivers when their needs for food,

comfort, and affection are consistently met. If caregivers are responsive to the infant’s needs, the

infant develops a sense of trust and security.

Ignoring and Distracting the Newborn: This approach may lead to feelings of mistrust as the infant’s

needs are not being adequately addressed.

Anticipating and Planning for the Newborn's Demands: While planning is important, it is more crucial

to be responsive to the infant's immediate signals.

Providing a Comfortable Environment: This is beneficial but must be combined with responsive

caregiving to establish trust.

Reference:

Erikson,

E. H. (1963). Childhood and Society.

American Psychological Association (APA): Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Development