The SMART acronym is a widely used framework in management and procurement for setting clear and effective objectives, goals, or Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). Each element ensures that objectives are well-defined and trackable.

Specific: The goal is clear, unambiguous, and answers the "W" questions (Who, What, Where, Why).

Measurable: The goal includes quantifiable metrics to track progress and success.

Achievable: The goal is realistic and attainable given available resources and constraints.

Relevant: The goal aligns with broader business strategies and organisational objectives.

Time-bound: The goal has a defined start and end date, creating a sense of urgency.

1. Doran

G. T. (1981). There's a S.M.A.R.T. way to write management's goals and objectives. Management Review

70(11)

35–36. (The original article introducing the acronym on page 36).

2. Bjerke

M. B.

& Renger

R. (2017). Being smart about writing SMART objectives. Evaluation and Program Planning

61

125-127. (This article analyzes the components of the SMART framework in detail). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2016.12.009

3. University of Virginia

Human Resources. (n.d.). SMART Goals: A How to Guide. Retrieved from https://hr.virginia.edu/system/files/pd-docs/SMART-Goals-A-How-to-Guide.pdf (This university guide defines and provides examples for each component of SMART goals on page 1).