Reputation is largely shaped by how stakeholders judge an organisation’s reliability, ethics and performance. Product defects that trigger recalls immediately erode trust; academic studies rank quality failures as the fastest route to reputational loss. Exposure of child labour, forced labour or other unethical practices at suppliers draws negative media and NGO attention that rapidly spreads to the buying firm. Non-compliance with environmental standards (e.g., illegal emissions, hazardous-waste dumping) damages image and can provoke legal penalties. Finally, chronic late or missed deliveries undermine customers’ operations, signalling poor competence and reliability, which tarnishes brand perception and can drive customers to competitors.

1. Pettit

T.

Croxton

K.

& Fiksel

J. “Ensuring Supply Chain Resilience: Development of a Conceptual Framework.” Journal of Supply Chain Management

49(2)

2013

pp. 73-76 – reputational risk factors (quality

ethics

environment). https://doi.org/10.1111/jscm.12007

2. Waters

D. Supply Chain Risk Management

2nd ed.

Routledge/Cambridge UP distributor

2011

Chapter 8 “Reputation Risk”

pp. 223-225 – lists quality failures

delivery unreliability.

3. Locke

R. “The Promise and Perils of Globalization: The Case of Nike.” MIT Sloan Working Paper 4291-02

2002

pp. 21-23 – illustrates reputational damage from labour abuses.

4. Fiksel

J. et al. “Sustainability and Resilience: Toward an Integrated Approach.” International Journal of Production Economics

140(1)

2012

pp. 38-39 – discusses environmental non-compliance and reputational fallout.