The Juniper Identity Management Service (JIMS) collects user identity information by querying security event logs from Active Directory (AD) domain controllers. If multiple domain controllers are being queried and their system clocks are not synchronized, the timestamps recorded for user login events will be inconsistent. When JIMS aggregates these logs, it results in events appearing out of chronological order, causing operational issues. Synchronizing the time across all domain controllers ensures that the source event logs have consistent timestamps, directly resolving the problem.

A. Enable time synchronization on the client devices: The domain controller, not the client, creates the security event log entry with its own timestamp when a user authenticates.

B. Enable time synchronization on the JIMS server: The JIMS server is the consumer of the event logs. Synchronizing its clock does not correct the inconsistent timestamps within the source logs it receives.

D. Enable time synchronization on the SRX Series devices: The SRX device uses the identity information from JIMS for policy enforcement; it is not the source of the user authentication event logs.

1. Juniper Networks (2023). Juniper Identity Management Service (JIMS) Administration Guide. In the "Troubleshooting JIMS" section

under "JIMS Server Issues

" the guide explicitly states: "Ensure that the time on all domain controllers is synchronized. If the time is not synchronized

JIMS might receive event logs with out-of-order timestamps." This directly identifies unsynchronized domain controllers as the cause of the issue.

In Juniper Secure Analytics (JSA), incoming log data, such as syslog messages from an SRX Series firewall, are processed as events. The requirement is to create a rule that analyzes these specific log messages. An event rule is the JSA component designed specifically to test and evaluate conditions based on event data. This rule type can be configured to count specific events (like firewall denies) over a period, and if a defined threshold is exceeded, it can trigger a response action, such as sending an SNMP trap.

A. common: A common rule tests for conditions applicable to both event and flow data (e.g., IP address). An event rule is more specific and precise for analyzing syslog content.

B. offense: An offense is the result or outcome of a rule being triggered. It is an aggregation of related security incidents, not the rule type itself.

C. flow: A flow rule is used to analyze network flow data (e.g., NetFlow, J-Flow), which represents network session information, not log or syslog messages.

1. Juniper Secure Analytics

User Guide (Version 7.5.0)

Chapter: "Rules"

Section: "Rules Overview". This section states

"JSA includes two types of rules: event rules and flow rules. Event rules are applied to events. Flow rules are applied to flows." It clarifies that events are derived from sources like log files and syslog. (Document available via Juniper TechLibrary).

2. Juniper Secure Analytics

Administration Guide (Version 7.5.0)

Chapter: "Event and Flow Data"

Section: "Event and flow pipeline". This chapter details how JSA ingests and processes different data types

distinguishing between event data (logs

syslog

SNMP) and flow data (NetFlow

J-Flow

sFlow)

reinforcing that a rule for syslog must be an event rule. (Document available via Juniper TechLibrary).

3. Juniper Secure Analytics

User Guide (Version 7.5.0)

Chapter: "Rules"

Section: "Rule responses". This section lists "Send SNMP Trap" as a possible response action that can be configured for a rule

confirming the action described in the question is a standard rule response. (Document available via Juniper TechLibrary).

A policy scheduler in Junos OS defines the specific time frame during which a security policy is active and evaluated. This is its fundamental purpose. Schedulers are configured based on time, not dynamic network conditions. A common and valid configuration is to define a schedule that repeats on a daily basis, for example, during business hours. When a scheduler is applied to a policy, that policy will only permit or deny traffic during the specified active times.

A: The policy-rematch feature is independent. While useful when a scheduler changes a policy's state, a scheduler can be applied to a policy without policy-rematch being configured.

B: Schedulers are strictly time-based (e.g., time of day, day of week). They are not activated by dynamic conditions such as traffic flow volume.

1. Juniper Networks TechLibrary

Junos OS Security Configuration Guide

"Understanding Security Policy Schedulers."

Quote: "A scheduler defines when a security policy is active... You can configure a scheduler to run daily

weekly

or on a specific date and time."

Relevance: This directly supports options D (defines when a policy is active) and C (can be configured to run daily). It also implicitly refutes option B by defining schedulers as time-based

not condition-based.

2. Juniper Networks TechLibrary

Junos OS Security Configuration Guide

"Example: Configuring a Security Policy Scheduler."

Reference: The configuration example shows setting a scheduler for start-date 2019-01-01.09:00 stop-date 2019-01-01.17:00

which is a daily time frame.

Relevance: This provides a concrete example that validates option C

showing how a daily schedule is configured.

3. Juniper Networks TechLibrary

Junos OS Security Configuration Guide

"Understanding Session Rematch for Security Policies."

Quote: "When you modify a security policy

you can use the policy-rematch option to apply the changes to existing sessions."

Relevance: This shows that policy-rematch is a separate feature for handling policy changes

not a prerequisite for using a scheduler

thus refuting option A.

To permit a primary application while blocking its sub-features, a combination of Application Identification (AppID) and micro-application detection is required.

1. APPID (D) is the foundational engine on Juniper SRX devices that identifies applications by inspecting traffic and matching it against a known signature database, regardless of port or protocol.

2. Micro application detection (B) is a specific capability within the AppID engine that provides more granular identification. It recognizes specific functions or sub-applications (e.g., Facebook Chat) within the traffic of a larger parent application (e.g., Facebook).

A security policy is then configured to match both the main application and the specific micro-application to enforce the block action, achieving the required granular control.

A. URL filtering: This is incorrect because it filters based on URLs, not application signatures. It cannot reliably distinguish sub-applications that may not use unique or predictable URLs for their functions.

C. content filtering: This is incorrect because it inspects the data payload for specific patterns (like keywords or file types), not the application's functional behavior or protocol structure.

1. Juniper Networks TechLibrary

Application Security Overview (SRX Series and vSRX): "The AppID feature determines which application is running on which port... AppID can identify applications that are embedded within a main application

such as Facebook-chat within Facebook. These are known as micro-applications." This statement confirms that AppID is the feature that also performs micro-application identification.

2. Juniper Networks TechLibrary

Application Identification Feature Guide for Security Devices

Understanding Application Signatures: "The Juniper Networks signature database file contains application signature definitions... The application signature package contains a list of supported micro-applications." This shows that both main applications and micro-applications are defined within the signature package used by AppID.

3. Juniper Networks TechLibrary

Example: Configuring Application Firewall to Block Facebook Applications: This configuration example demonstrates creating a security policy rule set that explicitly matches application [junos-facebook-chat junos-facebook-apps] to block them

while a separate rule permits junos-facebook. This requires both the identification of the main application (APPID) and the specific sub-applications (micro-application detection).

Juniper's Intrusion Prevention System (IPS), a component of the Intrusion Detection and Prevention (IDP) feature on SRX Series devices, evaluates its rule base sequentially. The rules within an IDP policy are processed in the order they are configured, from top to bottom. If a specific traffic flow matches the criteria of multiple rules, the IPS does not stop at the first match. Instead, it evaluates all potential matches and then applies the action associated with the rule that has the highest severity. This "most severe action" logic ensures that the strongest security posture is enforced for any given threat.

A. IPS evaluates rules concurrently. This is incorrect. Juniper IPS policies are processed sequentially, in order, which is a fundamental aspect of their design to ensure predictable behavior.

D. IPS applies the least severe action to traffic matching multiple rules. This is incorrect and would represent a significant security weakness. The system is designed to apply the most severe action to provide maximum protection.

1. Juniper Networks TechLibrary

SRX Series

IDP Policy Overview: "IDP rules are processed in order

from first to last... When a packet matches the criteria in multiple rules

IDP applies the action of the most severe rule to the traffic."

Source: Juniper Networks TechLibrary

"IDP Policy Overview" for Junos OS.

2. Juniper Networks TechLibrary

SRX Series

Understanding IDP Policies: "The IDP policy is made up of rulebases

and each rulebase consists of a set of rules. IDP rules are processed in order

from first to last." This document explicitly confirms the sequential nature of rule evaluation.

Source: Juniper Networks TechLibrary

"Understanding IDP Policies" for Junos OS.

3. Juniper Networks TechLibrary

SRX Series

Example: Configuring an IDP Policy with Dynamic Application Awareness: This configuration example reiterates the operational logic: "If traffic matches multiple rules

the action of the most severe rule is applied."

Source: Juniper Networks TechLibrary

"Example: Configuring an IDP Policy with Dynamic Application Awareness" for Junos OS.

To block applications irrespective of their port, the security device must first accurately identify the application traffic. Application Identification (APPID) is the Juniper Networks feature that inspects traffic and identifies applications based on their unique signatures. Once the application is identified by APPID, the Application Firewall (AppFW) feature is used to enforce a security policy. AppFW allows administrators to create rules to permit, deny, or reject traffic based on the identified application, thus fulfilling the requirement to block malicious applications.

B. AppQoE: Application Quality of Experience (AppQoE) is used to prioritize and manage application performance to meet service level agreements (SLAs), not for blocking malicious traffic.

D. AppTrack: Application Tracking (AppTrack) is a visibility tool that logs and reports on application traffic identified by APPID. It provides monitoring capabilities but does not enforce blocking policies.

1. Juniper Networks TechLibrary

Application Identification (AppID) Overview: "AppID identifies applications and is used by other security features

such as application firewall

application tracking

and application quality of service (AppQoE)

to provide better visibility and control over your network." This shows AppID is the foundational identification engine.

2. Juniper Networks TechLibrary

Application Firewall Overview: "Application firewall (AppFW) provides application-aware security policy enforcement... You can define rules within a policy to permit

deny

or reject traffic based on the application." This confirms AppFW is the enforcement mechanism for blocking.

3. Juniper Networks TechLibrary

Application Tracking Overview: "Application tracking (AppTrack) collects data for tracked applications and provides information about traffic flows... AppTrack does not block traffic; it only reports on traffic that is permitted by the current security policy." This explicitly states AppTrack is for reporting

not blocking.

4. Juniper Networks TechLibrary

Application Quality of Experience (AppQoE) Overview: "AppQoE measures and monitors the traffic for specific applications and then applies the configured traffic-handling rules to meet the service-level agreement (SLA) requirements." This defines AppQoE's role as performance management.

The command output for redundancy group: 1 shows that node1 is primary and node0 is secondary. The primary node for a redundancy group is the one that actively processes and controls traffic for the resources within that group. Therefore, Node 1 is controlling traffic for redundancy group 1.

The output also shows both nodes as Active (indicated by the (A)), which signifies they are healthy and operational. An operational failure would typically result in a different state (e.g., failed, ineligible). The reversal of primaryship for RG1, while the control plane (RG0) remains primary on Node 0 and both nodes are healthy, is the characteristic result of an administrative (manual) failover.

A. Redundancy group 1 experienced an operational failure.

An operational failure is not indicated, as both nodes are shown in a healthy Active state.

C. Node 0 is controlling traffic for redundancy group 1.

The output explicitly lists node0 as secondary for redundancy group 1; the primary node (Node 1) controls the traffic.

1. Juniper Networks TechLibrary

"Understanding Chassis Cluster Redundancy Groups": This document states

"The node on which the redundancy group is primary is the one that processes traffic for that redundancy group." This confirms that the primary node controls traffic

supporting option D and refuting C.

2. Juniper Networks TechLibrary

"show chassis cluster status | Junos OS": The command reference explains the output fields. The primary status indicates the node is active for the redundancy group. The healthy state shown in the exhibit

combined with the reversed primaryship

points away from an automatic failure-based failover.

3. Juniper Networks TechLibrary

"request chassis cluster failover | Junos OS": This document describes the command for initiating a manual failover. Using this command results in the state shown in the exhibit for RG1

where primaryship is intentionally moved to the other node without an underlying system fault. This supports the conclusion of an administrative failover (Option B).

The objective is to increase the file size limit for executables to 30 MB while minimizing the performance impact on scanning other file types. This requires granular control over the inspection policy. The most precise way to achieve this is by creating or updating a custom inspection profile and setting a specific file size limit for the executable file type only. This targeted approach ensures that other file types continue to use the existing, smaller size limit, thus satisfying the constraint of minimizing changes in scan time for them. The ATP Cloud free model supports a maximum file size of 30 MB, making this configuration valid.

A: This option is too general. Simply increasing the scan limit in a custom profile without specifying the file type would apply the new 30 MB limit to all files, failing the constraint.

B: This is incorrect because it modifies the default profile and increases the limit for all files, which violates the requirement to minimize the impact on other file types.

C: This is incorrect for the same reasons as option B. Modifying the default profile and applying a global size increase does not meet the specific constraints of the scenario.

1. Juniper Networks TechLibrary

Security Configuration Guide for Security Devices

"Understanding Advanced Anti-Malware Inspection Profiles": This document explains the use of inspection profiles. It states

"You can create custom profiles to specify different file size limits for different file types." This confirms that granular

per-file-type control is the intended method for such a requirement.

2. Juniper Networks TechLibrary

CLI Explorer

inspection-profile (Services Advanced Anti-Malware): The configuration hierarchy [edit services advanced-anti-malware policy inspection-profile ] includes the file-type-inspection file-size statement. This command explicitly allows setting a distinct file-size for a specific file type (e.g.

exe)

demonstrating the technical capability described in the correct answer.

3. Juniper Networks TechLibrary

Juniper Advanced Threat Prevention Cloud Administration Guide

"Licenses for Juniper ATP Cloud": This guide specifies the service levels. For the "Free" model

it states

"Maximum file size for inspection is 30 MB." This confirms that increasing the limit to 30 MB is within the technical capabilities of the license being used.

Unified security policies on Juniper SRX devices integrate traditional 5-tuple matching with dynamic application identification (AppID). When a new session starts, the application is not yet known. The device performs an initial lookup and may identify multiple policies that could potentially match the traffic based on source/destination addresses and ports. This makes option C correct. Once AppID inspects the traffic and identifies the specific application, the SRX performs a final, more specific policy lookup using the AppID result. This determines the definitive policy that will be applied to the session for its duration, making option D correct.

A. Unified security policies require an advanced feature license.

The unified policy framework itself is a base feature in modern Junos OS versions; specific security services used within a policy (e.g., IPS, AppFW) require their own licenses.

B. Unified security policies are evaluated after global security policies.

Policy lookup order is zone-specific first, then global. A unified policy can be configured in either context, so its evaluation order depends on its configuration, not its type.

1. Juniper Networks TechLibrary

Security Policies User Guide for Security Devices

"Understanding Unified Security Policy Session Match": This document explains the multi-stage match process. It states

"If the application is not known

the SRX Series device performs a preliminary match... and identifies a list of potential policies." This directly supports option C. It further states

"After the application type is identified

the SRX Series device performs a final policy match to find the best-fit policy for the session." This directly supports option D.

2. Juniper Networks TechLibrary

Security Policies User Guide for Security Devices

"Unified Policies Overview": This guide clarifies licensing: "You must purchase and install the license for each Application Security service that you want to use. The unified policy itself does not require a separate license." This confirms that option A is incorrect.

3. Juniper Networks TechLibrary

Security Policies User Guide for Security Devices

"Understanding Security Policy Lookup": This document details the policy evaluation order

stating

"The device first checks for a matching policy in the user-defined (zone-based) policy database... If it does not find a match

it checks the global policy database." This shows that unified policies are not a separate evaluation step and that their position depends on whether they are configured as zone-based or global

making option B incorrect.

On an SRX Series device, for a new traffic session (first-path processing), the packet flow logic requires determining the destination zone before a security policy can be evaluated. The destination zone is derived from the egress interface. To identify the correct egress interface for the packet's destination IP address, the device must first perform a longest-match lookup in the Layer 3 routing table. Only after the route lookup is complete and the destination zone is known can the device proceed with the security policy search to determine if the traffic is permitted between the source and destination zones.

A: This is incorrect. A security policy search requires both a source and destination zone. The destination zone is determined by the egress interface, which is found via the route lookup.

B: This is incorrect for the same reason as A. The policy search follows the route lookup. Additionally, Application Layer Gateway (ALG) processing occurs after a policy permits the session.

D: This is incorrect. ALG checks are applied to traffic that has already been permitted by a security policy, not before the policy search. The sequence is route lookup, then policy search.

1. Juniper Networks TechLibrary

Understanding Packet Flow in SRX Series Devices. This document outlines the first-path processing sequence. It explicitly shows that after initial packet sanity checks and NAT processing

the device performs a "Route lookup" to find the egress interface and zone. This is followed by the "Policy lookup" to check for a matching policy that allows the traffic.

2. Juniper Networks TechLibrary

Security Policies Processing. This documentation explains that a security policy match is based on traffic direction

defined by a from-zone and a to-zone. It states

"The device derives the from-zone from the interface the packet enters and the to-zone from the interface the packet exits." The exit interface is determined by the route lookup

confirming the route lookup must precede the policy lookup.