The sentence is a direct reference to the requirements outlined in Clause 4.2 of the ISO/IEC 27001 standard. This clause, titled "Understanding the needs and expectations of interested parties," mandates that an organization must first identify relevant interested parties and then determine their specific information security requirements. These requirements are then considered when establishing the scope and controls of the Information Security Management System (ISMS).

B. number: The standard requires identifying which parties are relevant, not simply counting them. The focus is on the substance of their needs, not the quantity of stakeholders.

C. structure: The internal organizational structure of interested parties is outside the scope of this requirement. The ISMS is concerned with their needs, not their internal hierarchy.

D. influence: While the influence of an interested party might help determine its relevance, the standard explicitly requires the determination of their requirements, not a formal assessment of their influence.

1. International Organization for Standardization (ISO). (2022). ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Information security, cybersecurity and privacy protection — Information security management systems — Requirements. Section 4.2, "Understanding the needs and expectations of interested parties," states: "The organization shall determine: a) the interested parties that are relevant to the information security management system; and b) the relevant requirements of these interested parties."

2. von Solms, R., & von Solms, B. (2018). "Information Security Governance." In Cybersecurity and Privacy in Cyber Physical Systems. CRC Press. This academic text, when discussing the foundational clauses of ISO 27001, explains that Clause 4.2 is a critical input for the ISMS, requiring the organization to understand stakeholder requirements to define the system's scope and objectives.

3. The University of Alabama in Huntsville. (n.d.). Courseware for IS 660: Information Security Management. In modules covering ISO 27001 implementation, the curriculum details Clause 4.2, emphasizing the process of identifying stakeholders (interested parties) and documenting their specific information security requirements as a foundational step.