TheGPON (Gigabit Passive Optical Network)standard, defined by the ITU-T G.984 specification,
supports asymmetric data rates for upstream and downstream traffic. Specifically:
Downstream Bitrate:2.5 Gbps
Upstream Bitrate:1.25 Gbps
The higher downstream bitrate reflects the typical usage pattern of internet services, where users
consume more data (e.g., streaming videos) than they upload. GPON uses Time Division Multiplexing
(TDM) to manage data transmission between the OLT and multiple ONUs.
For higher bandwidth requirements, advanced standards like XG-PON (10 Gbps downstream) or NG-
PON2 (multi-wavelength support) are available.
Reference:
ITU-T G.984 Standard - GPON Architecture
Huawei GPON Technical Documentation
