1. FortiOS 7.4.0 Administration Guide, System > Administrators > Admin profiles, Page 481: "Admin profiles are used to grant administrators permissions to access and configure the FortiGate... The default superadmin profile has full permission to the FortiGate, including all VDOMs and global settings. The default profadmin profile has full permission to the VDOMs it is assigned to, but no access to global settings." This directly confirms that the profile dictates access to global settings.
2. FortiOS 7.4.0 Administration Guide, System > Administrators > Administrators, Page 478: "When creating a new administrator, you must assign them an admin profile... The profile determines what the administrator can see and do in the GUI and CLI after they log in." This reinforces that all permissions are tied to the profile.