1. Esri ArcGIS Enterprise Documentation. "Ports used by ArcGIS Server." This document explicitly states that port 6443 is used for HTTPS communication and that "The ArcGIS Web Adaptor communicates with ArcGIS Server through this port."
Source: ArcGIS Enterprise 11.2 Documentation
ArcGIS Server > Reference > Ports used by ArcGIS Server.
2. Esri ArcGIS Enterprise Documentation. "Ports used by Portal for ArcGIS." This document specifies that port 7443 is used for HTTPS communication and notes
"The ArcGIS Web Adaptor communicates with Portal for ArcGIS through this port."
Source: ArcGIS Enterprise 11.2 Documentation
Portal for ArcGIS > Reference > Ports used by Portal for ArcGIS.
3. Esri ArcGIS Enterprise Documentation. "Using a reverse proxy server with ArcGIS Enterprise." This guide illustrates architectures where a reverse proxy (like the Web Adaptor in a DMZ) forwards requests to backend servers. The diagrams and text confirm that traffic is forwarded from the proxy to ArcGIS Server on port 6443 and to Portal for ArcGIS on port 7443.
Source: ArcGIS Enterprise 11.2 Documentation
Portal for ArcGIS > Administer > Security > Using a reverse proxy server with ArcGIS Enterprise.