A Fault Set is a logical group of Storage Data Servers (SDS) configured to reside in the same failure domain, such as a server rack. The PowerFlex system ensures that the two copies of a mirrored data block are never placed in the same Fault Set. While a configuration with two Fault Sets can survive the failure of a single set, the data becomes exposed with only a single copy and no redundancy until the failed set is recovered. To ensure true fault tolerance, which includes the ability to automatically rebuild and restore data protection after a failure, a minimum of three Fault Sets is required. In a three-Fault-Set configuration, if one set fails, PowerFlex can use the storage on the two remaining healthy sets to rebuild the lost data copies, thus restoring full redundancy. Since a Fault Set must contain at least one SDS node, this requirement translates to a minimum of three nodes for a fault-tolerant configuration using Fault Sets.

The answer "False" is incorrect because it fails to account for the full scope of fault tolerance within PowerFlex, which includes not only surviving an initial failure but also the ability to automatically rebuild and restore data protection. A two-node/two-Fault-Set configuration provides availability but leaves the system in a degraded and unprotected state after a failure. The design principle for resilient PowerFlex clusters using Fault Sets mandates a minimum of three to enable automatic rebuild and restore redundancy.

1. Dell PowerFlex: Architecture and Concepts Guide (Version 4.x)

Reference: In the section "High availability and data protection

" the guide explains the role of Fault Sets in protecting against rack or chassis failure. It specifies that to maintain N+1 redundancy and allow for rebuild operations after a Fault Set failure

at least three Fault Sets must be configured within a Protection Domain. "For a system to be resilient to a Fault Set failure

at least three Fault Sets must be configured. If one Fault Set fails

the remaining Fault Sets have sufficient resources to hold the rebuilt data."

2. Dell PowerFlex: Best Practices Guide

Reference: The white paper on best practices for PowerFlex deployment emphasizes the importance of configuring at least three Fault Sets for production environments. In the "Storage and Data Layout" section

it states

"A minimum of three fault sets is a best practice for any production protection domain to ensure that data can be rebuilt and reprotected automatically in the event of a complete rack failure." This confirms that three is the minimum for ensuring the "tolerance" aspect includes automated recovery of protection.

3. Dell PowerFlex: Deployment Guide (Version 4.x)

Reference: During the configuration steps for a new PowerFlex system

the deployment guide provides rules and recommendations. In the section "Configuring Protection Domains and Fault Sets

" a system rule is noted: "To enable protection against a single point of failure at the Fault Set level (e.g.

rack-level failure)

the Protection Domain must contain a minimum of three Fault Sets." This establishes the three-Fault-Set minimum as a foundational deployment requirement for this level of resilience.