1. AVIXA, CEA, CEDIA (2015). J-STD-710: Audio, Video and Control Architectural Drawing
Symbols Standard. This standard, co-published by AVIXA, explicitly defines the cloud shape as
the symbol for a "Network." (Note: Access to the full standard requires purchase, but its purpose
and contents are publicly documented by AVIXA).
2. Kurose, J. F., & Ross, K. W. (2021). Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach (8th ed.).
Pearson. Chapter 1, "Computer Networks and the Internet," consistently uses the cloud symbol to
represent the network core and the broader internet in its architectural diagrams (e.g., Figure 1.2).
3. MIT OpenCourseWare. (2014). 6.02 Introduction to EECS II: Digital Communication Systems,
Fall 2012. Lecture slides and notes frequently use the cloud symbol to abstractly represent a
network or a communication channel between two endpoints. View on MIT OCW (See slide 11).
