In a formal review process, the recorder's role is typically responsible for documenting the findings of

the review team, including action items, decisions, and recommendations. This ensures that there is

an accurate record of what was discussed and agreed upon, facilitating follow-up and continuous

improvement. Therefore, statement C is correct as per the ISTQB CTFL syllabus  .

This answer is correct because a walkthrough is a type of review where the author of the work

product leads the review process and explains the work product to the reviewers. The reviewers are

not required to prepare for the review in advance, and the main objective of the walkthrough is to

establish a common understanding of the work product and to identify any major defects or issues. A

walkthrough is usually informal and does not follow a defined process or roles. In this case, the

review for a high-level architectural document written by a software architect matches the

characteristics of a walkthrough. Reference: ISTQB Glossary of Testing Terms v4.0, ISTQB Foundation

Level Syllabus v4.0, Section 2.4.2.2

The test pyramid concept suggests that there should be more low-level tests (unit tests) and fewer

high-level tests (end-to-end tests).

As we move higher up the pyramid (e.g., from unit tests to integration tests to end-to-end tests),

each test covers more production code.

Higher-level tests (like end-to-end) validate larger parts of the application, including multiple units

and their interactions.

This aligns with the principle that higher-level tests provide broader coverage but are fewer in

number and more expensive to run and maintain.

Reference: ISTQB CTFL Syllabus V4.0, Chapter 5.1.6, Test Pyramid  .

The activities of checking test results and logs against specified coverage criteria, assessing the level

of component or system quality based on test results and logs, and determining whether more tests

are needed fall under the category of test monitoring and control. This phase involves ongoing

assessment and adjustment of the test activities to ensure they meet the test objectives and quality

goals  .

Good traceability between the test basis and test work products provides several advantages: i.

Analyzing the impact of changes: Traceability allows for easy identification of which parts of the test

work products will be affected by changes in the requirements or design, facilitating impact analysis.

iv . Making testing auditable: Traceability ensures that there is a clear connection between the

requirements and the test cases, which makes the testing process auditable and provides evidence

that all requirements have been tested  .

Metrics can be collected during and at the end of testing activities to assess various aspects including

progress against the planned schedule and budget, the current quality of the test object, the

adequacy of the test approach, and the effectiveness of the test activities with respect to the

objectives. Collecting these metrics helps in understanding the overall performance and quality of

the testing process  .

The benefits of continuous integration include: i. Allows earlier detection and easier root cause

analysis of integration problems and conflicting changes. iv . Gives the development team regular

feedback on whether the code is working. These benefits help in maintaining the stability and quality

of the codebase by integrating and testing changes frequently and providing quick feedback to

developers  .

Applicable acceptance test cases for the given user story should focus on the specific requirement of

deleting an individual item from the shopping list and ensuring that it is removed in less than 1

second. Therefore, the valid test cases are: i. Click on my online shopping list, select the unwanted

item, delete the unwanted item, the unwanted item is deleted from the shopping list in less than 1

second. iii . Tab to the online shopping list and press enter, select the unwanted item, delete the

unwanted item, the unwanted item is deleted from the shopping list in less than 1 second.

Reference: ISTQB CTFL Syllabus V4.0, Section 5.2.2

Thank you for your visit.

The statement "Early and frequent feedback helps to avoid requirements misunderstanding" is true.

Early feedback from stakeholders, through reviews and other static testing techniques, helps clarify

requirements and ensures that any misunderstandings are addressed promptly. This practice aligns

with Agile principles and contributes to developing software that meets user needs more accurately.

Reference: ISTQB CTFL Syllabus, Section 2.1.1, "The Influence of Development Models on Testing"

and Section 3.2.1, "The Advantages of Early Feedback."

In an Agile project, a tester's responsibilities include understanding, implementing, and updating the

test strategy (i), actively collaborating with developers and business stakeholders to clarify

requirements, especially in terms of testability, consistency, and completeness (iv), and participating

proactively in team retrospective meetings, suggesting and implementing improvements (v). These

activities ensure that testing is integrated into the development process, promoting continuous

feedback and improvement. The ISTQB CTFL syllabus underlines the collaborative nature of Agile

testing and the tester's role in contributing to the team's overall quality goals.

Reference: ISTQB CTFL Syllabus, Section on Agile Testing Practices.