1. Salesforce Help, Consumer Goods Cloud, "Promotions in Consumer Goods Cloud": This document explicitly states, "A promotion is a campaign that you run for a specific period to increase the sales of specific products. You can create a promotion for a product or a product category." This directly confirms that promotions are defined at the Product and Product Category levels.
2. Salesforce Help, Consumer Goods Cloud, "Promotion Management Data Model": The official data model diagram for Promotion Management shows the Promotion object having direct relationships with the Promotion Product and Promotion Product Category objects. This illustrates that the core definition of a promotion's scope is tied to these two levels.
3. Salesforce Help, Consumer Goods Cloud, "Create a Promotion": The procedural steps for creating a promotion detail adding products to the "Promotion Products" related list or categories to the "Promotion Product Categories" related list, reinforcing these two as the primary definition levels.