The COCKPITMONITOR is a technical user required by the SAP HANA Cockpit to connect to and monitor a managed SAP HANA database. For the cockpit to perform its monitoring functions, this user requires two fundamental types of privileges:

1. The ability to read metadata about all database objects (e.g., tables, views, users). This is granted by the CATALOG READ system privilege.

2. The ability to query the system monitoring views, which contain performance data, alerts, and system status information. These views are located in the SYSSTATISTICS schema, requiring the SELECT object privilege on this schema.

These two privileges form the essential basis for a monitoring user.

A. MONITOR ADMIN: This is a powerful system privilege that bundles many permissions. While it would grant the necessary access, it is not strictly required as the more granular privileges (CATALOG READ and SELECT on SYSSTATISTICS) are sufficient for the core monitoring function.

B. SELECT on the SYSTELEMETRY schema: This schema is used for collecting and accessing telemetry data, which is primarily used by SAP for support services like SAP EarlyWatch Alert, not for general, real-time database monitoring via the SAP HANA Cockpit.

1. SAP HANA Administration with SAP HANA Cockpit (SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS 07)

Section: "Create a Database User for the SAP HANA Cockpit". This official guide provides the specific SQL script for creating the cockpit user

which explicitly includes the statements: GRANT CATALOG READ TO ; and GRANT SELECT ON SCHEMA SYSSTATISTICS TO ;. This directly confirms that options C and D are required.

2. SAP HANA Security Guide (SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS 07)

Section: "Standard Roles". This guide describes the predefined MONITORING role. The description clarifies that this role is for users who need to monitor the database and its core privileges include CATALOG READ and SELECT access on system views in schemas like SYSSTATISTICS. This reinforces the importance of these two specific privileges for any monitoring activity.

When an SAP HANA Cloud, data lake instance is provisioned, the system automatically creates a dedicated administrative user named HDLADMIN. This user is granted the necessary system privileges (e.g., HDLADMIN role) to perform all administrative tasks within that specific data lake instance. This includes managing other users, roles, and monitoring the data lake environment. The HDLADMIN user is distinct from the administrative user of the associated SAP HANA database (which is DBADMIN).

B. SAPSA: This is the default system administrator user for the on-premise SAP IQ database, which is the technological predecessor to the SAP HANA Cloud, data lake.

C. DBA: This is a generic term for "Database Administrator" and is not the specific name of the default user created for the SAP HANA Cloud, data lake.

D. DBADMIN: This is the initial administrative user created for the SAP HANA Cloud, SAP HANA database instance, not for the data lake component that is added to it.

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1. SAP HANA Cloud

Data Lake Administration Guide: In the section "Provisioning a Data Lake Instance

" the documentation states

"When you provision a data lake instance

a database user with the name HDLADMIN is created automatically. This user is the data lake administrator and has the permissions required to perform all administrative tasks in the data lake."

Source: SAP Help Portal

SAP HANA Cloud

Data Lake Administration Guide

"Provisioning a Data Lake Instance".

2. SAP HANA Cloud

SAP HANA Database Administration Guide: This guide clarifies the role of the DBADMIN user. In the section "Initial Database User

" it specifies

"The user DBADMIN is the initial database user that is created when an SAP HANA database instance is created... The DBADMIN user is a database administrator of the SAP HANA database." This confirms DBADMIN is for the HANA database

not the data lake.

Source: SAP Help Portal

SAP HANA Cloud

SAP HANA Database Administration Guide

"Security Administration

" -> "Initial Database User".

3. SAP IQ 16.1: Administration: User Management and Security: This official documentation for the on-premise predecessor confirms the role of SAPSA. It states

"The system administrator is a special user with the user ID SAPSA. The SAPSA user has complete control over the database."

Source: SAP Help Portal

SAP IQ 16.1: Administration: User Management and Security

Chapter 1: "Users

Authorities

and Privileges

" -> "System administrator".

The SAP HANA Deployment Infrastructure (HDI) uses a container model to manage database development artifacts. Each HDI container, which is essentially a database schema, is associated with two distinct types of users and roles that define its operational modes: design-time and run-time.

Design-time (DT user): This context is for development and deployment. The design-time user has the necessary privileges to deploy artifacts, which involves creating, altering, or dropping database objects within the container.

Runtime (RT user): This context is for consumption and access. The run-time user has privileges to access the deployed objects, such as selecting data from tables or executing procedures, but cannot alter their structure.

This separation is a core security and lifecycle management principle within HDI.

A. Docker: Docker is an operating-system-level containerization technology, not a logical container type specific to the SAP HANA HDI service.

B. Kubernetes: Kubernetes is an orchestration platform for managing containerized applications like those in Docker; it is not an HDI container type.

1. SAP HANA Cloud

SAP HANA Database Deployment Infrastructure (HDI) Reference

Section: "HDI Containers". This document states

"For each HDI container

a set of schemas and a set of special-purpose database users (or roles) is generated... For example

a design-time user and a run-time user."

2. SAP HANA Administration Guide for SAP HANA Platform

Section: "Administering SAP HANA DI (Deployment Infrastructure)". This guide details the technical users created for an HDI container

explicitly defining the roles of the "design-time user" and the "run-time user" for object deployment and external access

respectively.

The SAP HANA catalog is the central repository for all database object metadata.

- HDI containers: The HANA Deployment Infrastructure (HDI) manages database objects as cohesive units called containers. The metadata, configuration, and state of these containers are stored and tracked within dedicated catalog schemas, such as SYSDI, making them a managed entity within the catalog.

- Agents: Data Provisioning Agents used for data integration (SDI) are registered directly within the SAP HANA database. This registration creates a corresponding object in the catalog, which can be viewed in SYS.AGENTS and is managed via the CREATE AGENT SQL statement.

- JSON collections: The SAP HANA Document Store allows for the storage of JSON documents in collections. A collection is a specific type of table object within the database, created with the CREATE COLLECTION statement, and its metadata is stored in the catalog.

A. Cubes: "Cubes" are a data category for Calculation Views, not a distinct, first-class object type in the catalog. The actual catalog object is of type 'VIEW'.

D. Cockpit roles: These are application-specific roles for managing authorizations within the SAP HANA Cockpit tool itself. They are not database roles and are not stored in the SAP HANA catalog.

1. Agents: SAP HANA Cloud

SAP HANA Database SQL Reference Guide

"CREATE AGENT Statement (Data Provisioning)". This section details the SQL command for registering a Data Provisioning Agent as an object in the SAP HANA database catalog.

2. JSON Collections: SAP HANA Cloud

SAP HANA Database SQL Reference Guide

"CREATE COLLECTION Statement (JSON Document Store)". This document specifies that a collection is a database object created to store JSON documents

managed within the catalog.

3. HDI Containers: SAP HANA Cloud

SAP HANA Database Deployment Infrastructure (HDI) Reference

"Monitoring and Administration Using SQL". This guide describes the SYSDI schema and its views (e.g.

HDICONTAINERS)

which are part of the catalog and are used to store metadata about HDI containers.

4. Catalog Objects (General): SAP HANA Cloud

SAP HANA Database Administration Guide

"The Catalog". This section provides an overview of the SAP HANA catalog

stating it contains the definitions of all SAP HANA database objects

including tables

views

and procedures.

5. Cubes (as Calculation Views): SAP HANA Cloud

SAP HANA Modeling Guide

"Data Categories for Calculation Views". This guide explains that 'Cube' is a data category that defines the semantics of a calculation view

while the underlying object stored in the catalog is a view.

The SQL Console is the designated interface for executing SQL statements within the SAP HANA Database Explorer. The SAP HANA Database Explorer is the official, web-based graphical tool for the administration and development of SAP HANA Cloud databases. Official documentation refers to the SQL Console as the "main tool for running queries," establishing it as the primary and most appropriate answer for this context.

A. SQLScript: This is a scripting language, an extension of SQL for creating procedures and functions in SAP HANA, not a tool for executing queries.

C. HDBSQL: While HDBSQL is a valid command-line tool for executing SQL, the SQL Console is the primary interface within the main graphical administration tool, SAP HANA Database Explorer.

D. SQL Editor: This is a generic term. The specific and officially named component within the SAP HANA Database Explorer for executing queries is the "SQL Console".

1. SAP HANA Cloud Administration Guide: In the section "Administer with SAP HANA Database Explorer

" the documentation explicitly states

"The main tool for running queries is the SQL console." This guide details the use of the SQL Console for executing SQL statements directly on an SAP HANA Cloud database. (Source: SAP Help Portal

SAP HANA Cloud Administration Guide

"Run Queries in the SQL Console").

2. SAP HANA Client Interface Programming Reference: This document defines hdbsql as "an interactive command-line tool for SAP HANA that is used to execute SQL statements...". This confirms its function but also positions it as a command-line alternative to the primary graphical tools. (Source: SAP Help Portal

SAP HANA Client Interface Programming Reference

"SAP HANA HDBSQL").

3. SAP HANA SQLScript Reference: This guide defines SQLScript as "a collection of extensions to the Structured Query Language (SQL)." This clearly identifies it as a language

not an execution tool. (Source: SAP Help Portal

SAP HANA SQLScript Reference

"What Is SAP HANA SQLScript").