Matrix-based assignments, also known as conditional approval routing, are a core feature in SAP Ariba Supplier Management for directing tasks and approvals to the appropriate stakeholders. This functionality is most prominently used in Supplier Registration and Supplier Qualification projects. In these processes, approval flows are dynamically determined by a matrix of supplier attributes such as commodity, region, or department. For example, a registration for a supplier in the "IT Hardware" commodity for the "North America" region can be automatically routed to the specific category manager responsible for that intersection, ensuring proper governance and expert oversight during supplier onboarding and vetting.

C. Engagement Risk projects: While these projects in SAP Ariba Supplier Risk also use sophisticated rule-based routing for risk assessments, the term "matrix-based assignment" is most classically associated with the core SLP processes (Registration/Qualification) based on supplier master data dimensions.

D. Modular questionnaire projects: Although the underlying approval engine allows for conditional routing in modular questionnaires, this feature is not as fundamental to their core purpose as it is for the comprehensive and highly-governed registration and qualification processes.

1. SAP Ariba Documentation, "Process management administration guide for SAP Ariba Supplier Management solutions": This guide details the configuration of approval processes. In the chapter "Managing approval processes for supplier management projects," it explicitly describes creating condition-based rules for routing approvals in supplier registration and qualification projects based on fields like Commodity, Region, and Department. It provides examples such as, "you can create a rule that adds the category manager for a supplier's primary commodity code as an approver for that supplier's registration." This directly supports the use of matrix-based assignments for options A and B.

2. SAP Help Portal, "SAP Ariba Supplier Lifecycle and Performance Overview": The product documentation emphasizes that a key capability is to "Automate supplier qualification and segmentation." This automation relies on workflows that route qualification activities based on category, location, and other business criteria, which is the essence of a matrix-based assignment. This supports the answer for Supplier Qualification (B).

3. SAP Help Portal, "Supplier registration project template and process": This section describes the registration workflow, which includes approval tasks. The flexibility to configure these approval flows based on the data provided by the supplier during registration (such as commodities they can supply) is a documented feature, supporting the answer for Supplier Registration (A).