📖 About this Domain
This domain covers the methodologies for assessing and compromising mobile, Internet of Things (IoT), and Operational Technology (OT) platforms. It details the specific attack vectors, vulnerabilities, and hacking tools relevant to these interconnected environments. You will explore the expanding attack surface presented by non-traditional computing devices.
🎓 What You Will Learn
- You will learn mobile platform attack vectors, including Android rooting, iOS jailbreaking, and reverse engineering mobile applications to find vulnerabilities.
- You will learn IoT hacking methodologies covering firmware extraction, reverse engineering, and attacking communication protocols like MQTT, CoAP, Zigbee, and Z-Wave.
- You will learn OT hacking fundamentals, including reconnaissance, vulnerability scanning, and exploitation of Industrial Control Systems (ICS) and SCADA components like PLCs and HMIs.
- You will learn about countermeasures for mobile, IoT, and OT systems, including mobile device management (MDM), network segmentation, and secure coding practices.
🛠️ Skills You Will Build
- You will build skills in performing static and dynamic analysis of mobile applications using tools like Drozer, Frida, and MobSF.
- You will build the ability to exploit IoT device vulnerabilities by analyzing firmware and intercepting insecure wireless communications.
- You will build skills in identifying and exploiting common vulnerabilities in OT protocols like Modbus and DNP3.
- You will build proficiency in using specialized tools for hacking embedded systems, such as hardware debuggers and software-defined radios (SDR).
💡 Top Tips to Prepare
- Focus on hands-on labs to practice APK reverse engineering and IoT firmware analysis.
- Memorize the attack surfaces and common vulnerabilities specific to Android versus iOS platforms.
- Understand the key differences between IT and OT environments, including the impact of attacks and security priorities.
- Familiarize yourself with the MITRE ATT&CK for ICS framework to understand real-world OT attack tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs).
📖 About this Domain
This domain details cloud computing concepts, threats, and attack vectors specific to cloud infrastructure. It covers methodologies for pentesting cloud environments and implementing robust security controls against common cloud-based attacks.
🎓 What You Will Learn
- You will learn about different cloud deployment models like IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS and their inherent security risks.
- You will learn to identify cloud attack vectors, including insecure APIs, account hijacking, and container vulnerabilities.
- You will learn specific hacking techniques for cloud platforms like AWS, Azure, and GCP.
- You will learn about cloud security controls, countermeasures, and incident response procedures for cloud environments.
🛠️ Skills You Will Build
- You will build skills in enumerating and exploiting misconfigured cloud services like S3 buckets and IAM policies.
- You will build the ability to perform container security analysis and execute container breakout attacks.
- You will build proficiency in using cloud security assessment tools like ScoutSuite and Pacu to identify vulnerabilities.
- You will build competence in securing serverless applications and implementing cloud-native security solutions.
💡 Top Tips to Prepare
- Focus on the shared responsibility model to understand security obligations for each cloud service type.
- Practice hands-on labs involving IAM privilege escalation and exploiting misconfigured cloud storage.
- Memorize common attack surfaces for major cloud providers and their specific services.
- Familiarize yourself with the MITRE ATT&CK Cloud Matrix to understand adversary tactics in the cloud.
📖 About this Domain
This domain covers the core system hacking methodology, focusing on gaining access, escalating privileges, maintaining persistence, and clearing tracks. It details techniques for compromising systems post-initial foothold. The phases include cracking passwords, executing applications, hiding files, and covering tracks to evade detection.
🎓 What You Will Learn
- You will learn various password cracking techniques including brute-force, dictionary attacks, and rainbow table attacks.
- You will learn methods for escalating privileges on compromised systems to gain administrative or root access.
- You will learn how to hide malicious files and data using techniques like steganography and alternate data streams (ADS).
- You will learn how to cover tracks by clearing system logs, manipulating timestamps, and removing evidence of intrusion.
🛠️ Skills You Will Build
- You will build skills in using password cracking tools like Cain & Abel, John the Ripper, and Hashcat.
- You will build the ability to exploit system vulnerabilities for privilege escalation on both Windows and Linux platforms.
- You will build proficiency in using steganography tools to embed payloads within seemingly benign files.
- You will build competence in log manipulation and using rootkits to maintain stealthy persistence on a target system.
💡 Top Tips to Prepare
- Focus on hands-on labs for password cracking to understand hash types and cracking methodologies.
- Master privilege escalation vectors for both Windows (e.g., UAC bypass) and Linux (e.g., SUID exploits).
- Understand the technical implementation of steganography and how to detect its use with steganalysis tools.
- Memorize the specific commands and locations for system logs on Windows and Linux to practice clearing tracks.
📖 About this Domain
This domain details web application hacking methodology, covering reconnaissance and vulnerability discovery on web servers and applications. It focuses on exploiting common security flaws like injection, broken authentication, and security misconfigurations.
🎓 What You Will Learn
- Understand web application architecture, footprinting techniques, and attack methodologies against web infrastructure.
- Learn to identify and exploit major vulnerabilities such as SQL injection (SQLi), Cross-Site Scripting (XSS), and Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF).
- Explore attack vectors against web services, including SOAP and REST APIs, and methods for session hijacking.
- Grasp web application security countermeasures and patch management techniques to mitigate identified threats.
🛠️ Skills You Will Build
- Perform web server and application vulnerability analysis using tools like Burp Suite, OWASP ZAP, and Nikto.
- Craft malicious payloads to exploit injection flaws, bypass input validation filters, and escalate privileges.
- Execute session hijacking attacks by stealing and manipulating session tokens and cookies.
- Analyze and exploit insecure deserialization, XML External Entity (XXE), and Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerabilities.
💡 Top Tips to Prepare
- Master the OWASP Top 10 vulnerabilities, as they form the core of this domain's exam questions.
- Gain hands-on experience with interception proxies like Burp Suite to manipulate HTTP/HTTPS requests and responses.
- Practice SQL injection and XSS attack scenarios in a lab environment to understand payload construction and impact.
- Familiarize yourself with command-line tools for web application enumeration and vulnerability scanning like dirb and sqlmap.
📖 About this Domain
This domain details network-level attacks including sniffing, social engineering, denial-of-service, and session hijacking. It focuses on compromising network infrastructure and bypassing perimeter security controls. You will learn the methodologies attackers use to exploit network protocols and defenses.
🎓 What You Will Learn
- You will learn sniffing techniques to capture and analyze network traffic using tools like Wireshark and tcpdump.
- You will learn social engineering concepts and attack vectors like phishing, pretexting, and baiting to manipulate human targets.
- You will learn DoS and DDoS attack techniques, botnets, and tools used to disrupt network service availability.
- You will learn session hijacking methods at the network and application levels to take over authenticated user sessions.
🛠️ Skills You Will Build
- You will build skills in evading IDS, firewalls, and honeypots using techniques like packet fragmentation and source routing.
- You will build proficiency in executing man-in-the-middle attacks through ARP poisoning and DNS spoofing.
- You will build the ability to use network stress testing tools like hping3 and LOIC to simulate DoS attacks.
- You will build competence in analyzing network packets to identify sensitive information and session tokens in transit.
💡 Top Tips to Prepare
- Master network analysis tools like Wireshark by practicing packet captures in a controlled lab environment.
- Gain a deep understanding of the TCP/IP protocol suite, including TCP session establishment and ICMP message types.
- Practice firewall rule evasion and IDS signature bypass techniques using various payloads and encoding methods.
- Memorize the different types of social engineering attacks and their corresponding countermeasures for scenario-based questions.
📖 About this Domain
This domain covers the core concepts of cryptography, including encryption algorithms, hashing functions, and Public Key Infrastructure (PKI). It details how cryptographic systems provide confidentiality, integrity, and non-repudiation, and also explores techniques for attacking these systems. You will learn the fundamentals of symmetric and asymmetric ciphers and their role in modern cybersecurity.
🎓 What You Will Learn
- You will learn the differences between symmetric algorithms like AES and asymmetric algorithms like RSA and ECC.
- You will learn about hashing functions such as MD5, SHA-1, and SHA-256 and their use in verifying data integrity.
- You will learn the components of Public Key Infrastructure (PKI), including Certificate Authorities (CAs), digital certificates, and digital signatures.
- You will learn various cryptanalysis techniques, including brute-force attacks, dictionary attacks, and rainbow table attacks against cryptographic implementations.
🛠️ Skills You Will Build
- You will build the skill to perform disk encryption using tools like VeraCrypt and BitLocker to protect data at rest.
- You will build the skill to execute password cracking attacks against hashed credentials using tools like Hashcat and John the Ripper.
- You will build the skill to analyze and validate digital certificates to identify potential man-in-the-middle (MITM) attack vectors.
- You will build the skill to perform steganography and steganalysis to hide and detect data within files using various steganographic tools.
💡 Top Tips to Prepare
- Focus on the practical application of cryptographic tools available in the CEH iLabs environment to reinforce theoretical knowledge.
- Memorize the key lengths, block sizes, and common use cases for major algorithms like AES, DES, 3DES, RSA, and ECC.
- Understand the fundamental weaknesses of older hashing algorithms like MD5 and SHA-1, particularly their vulnerability to collision attacks.
- Practice identifying different types of encrypted or encoded text and the appropriate tools or techniques to analyze them.
📖 About this Domain
This domain covers the initial information gathering phase of the ethical hacking methodology. It focuses on passive and active reconnaissance techniques, also known as footprinting, to discover and collect data about a target network.
🎓 What You Will Learn
- Learn key footprinting concepts, methodologies, and the use of search engines and social networking sites for OSINT.
- Understand how to perform website, email, and DNS footprinting to gather target organization information.
- Explore network footprinting techniques to identify network range, topology, and active machines.
- Grasp footprinting countermeasures and the use of tools like Maltego, Recon-ng, and theHarvester.
🛠️ Skills You Will Build
- Conducting Open-Source Intelligence (OSINT) to build a comprehensive profile of a target organization.
- Performing DNS interrogation using tools like nslookup and DIG to enumerate subdomains and mail servers.
- Utilizing network tracing tools like traceroute to map the network path and identify intermediary devices.
- Applying footprinting countermeasures to secure an organization's public-facing information from attackers.
💡 Top Tips to Prepare
- Practice extensively with footprinting tools in the official EC-Council iLabs environment to master their syntax and output.
- Memorize the different types of DNS records (A, MX, NS, SOA) and their function in reconnaissance.
- Clearly differentiate between passive reconnaissance (no direct interaction) and active reconnaissance (direct interaction with the target).
- Focus on understanding the complete footprinting methodology, from gathering initial information to mapping the network.
📖 About this Domain
This domain details wireless network hacking methodologies. It covers identifying and exploiting vulnerabilities in Wi-Fi infrastructures, protocols, and encryption standards.
🎓 What You Will Learn
- Learn wireless fundamentals, including 802.11 standards, and encryption flaws in WEP, WPA, WPA2, and WPA3.
- Understand the five phases of wireless hacking methodology from reconnaissance to covering tracks.
- Gain familiarity with wireless hacking tools like the Aircrack-ng suite, Kismet, and WiFite for network exploitation.
- Explore attack vectors against Bluetooth protocols and common vulnerabilities in wireless IoT devices.
🛠️ Skills You Will Build
- Build proficiency in wireless packet sniffing and traffic analysis using tools like Wireshark to discover network secrets.
- Develop the skill to crack WPA/WPA2 PSK by capturing 4-way handshakes and launching offline dictionary attacks.
- Gain the ability to create rogue access points and evil twins for executing man-in-the-middle (MITM) attacks.
- Learn to implement defensive countermeasures like WIDS, secure configurations, and robust authentication protocols.
💡 Top Tips to Prepare
- Master the Aircrack-ng suite commands for packet injection, deauthentication attacks, and WPA/WPA2 key cracking.
- Memorize the specific cryptographic weaknesses of WEP, WPA TKIP, and the mechanics of KRACK attacks on WPA2.
- Utilize a dedicated lab with a wireless adapter in monitor mode to practice sniffing and injection attacks legally.
- Differentiate between wireless attacks like MAC spoofing, deauthentication floods, and evil twin attacks for the exam.
