Attorney is the role played by Dany in the above scenario. Attorney is a member of a forensic team

who provides legal advice on conducting the investigation and addresses legal issues involved in the

forensic investigation process. Attorney can help with obtaining search warrants, preserving

evidence, complying with laws and regulations, and presenting cases in court3. Reference: Attorney

Role in Forensic Investigation

The correct answer is B, as it describes the information security element that was described in the

above scenario. Non-repudiation is an information security element that ensures that a party cannot

deny sending or receiving a message or performing an action. In the above scenario, non-repudiation

was described, as Kayden could not deny company’s message, and company could not deny Kayden’s

signature. Option A is incorrect, as it does not describe the information security element that was

described in the above scenario. Availability is an information security element that ensures that

authorized users can access and use information and resources when needed. In the above scenario,

availability was not described, as there was no mention of access or use of information and

resources. Option C is incorrect, as it does not describe the information security element that was

described in the above scenario. Integrity is an information security element that ensures that

information and resources are accurate and complete and have not been modified by unauthorized

parties. In the above scenario, integrity was not described, as there was no mention of accuracy or

completeness of information and resources. Option D is incorrect, as it does not describe the

information security element that was described in the above scenario. Confidentiality is an

information security element that ensures that information and resources are protected from

unauthorized access and disclosure. In the above scenario, confidentiality was not described, as

there was no mention of protection or disclosure of information and resources.

Reference: , Section 3.1

SecuraCorp needs an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) that can identify suspicious patterns based on

behavior rather than relying solely on known signatures. Here’s why an Anomaly-based IDS is the

best fit:

Anomaly-based IDS:

Behavior Analysis: Detects deviations from normal network behavior, which is crucial for identifying

zero-day vulnerabilities.

Pattern Recognition: Uses machine learning and statistical methods to identify unusual patterns that

might indicate malicious activity.

Advantages: Effective against unknown threats and zero-day exploits because it does not rely on

predefined signatures.

Network-based IDS: Primarily monitors network traffic but often relies on signatures, making it less

effective against unknown threats.

Signature-based IDS: Relies on a database of known attack signatures, which is not sufficient for

detecting new or unknown threats.

Host-based IDS: Monitors individual systems but might not provide a comprehensive view of the

network.

Reference:

EC-Council Certified Security Analyst (ECSA) materials.

Mounting the VeraCrypt Volume: Use VeraCrypt to mount the volume file S3cr3t located in the Pictures folder. The provided password sniffer@123 is required to mount the volume. Reference: VeraCrypt User Guide. Locating the Image File: After mounting the volume, browse through the files to locate the image file that may contain the secret code through steganography. Extracting the Secret Code: Use steganography tools to analyze the image file and extract the hidden secret code. Tools such as Stegsolve or Steghide can be used for this purpose. Reference: "Practical Cryptography" by Niels Ferguson. Recovering the Code: The extracted secret code from the image file is H364F9F4FD3H. The recovered secret code from the image file is H364F9F4FD3H.

John-the-Ripper Usage: John-the-Ripper is a popular open-source password cracking tool used to detect weak passwords. It works by performing dictionary attacks and brute force attacks on password hashes. Reference: John the Ripper official documentation Cracking the Hashes: Load the hash file into John-the-Ripper using the command: bash Copy code john target-file John will then attempt to crack the passwords using its internal mechanisms. Accessing the FTP Server: Once the hashes are cracked, use the recovered credentials to log in to the FTP server. Not all credentials may be valid, so try each until successful access is gained. Reference: RFC 959, the standard for FTP. Reading the Exploit File: Navigate to the FTP root directory and locate the exploit file. Use a command like cat to read its contents: cat exploit-file The content of the file will include the author’s name, which is "nullsecurlty" in this scenario.

bob1@sam is the file’s content as the answer. To find the machine with SSH service enabled, one can use a network scanning tool such as Nmap to scan the network for port 22, which is the default port for SSH. For example, the command nmap -p 22 192.168.0.0/24 will scan the network range 192.168.0.0/24 for port 22 and display the results2. To initiate an SSH connection to the machine, one can use a command-line tool such as ssh or an SSH client such as PuTTY to connect to the machine using the credentials sam/admin@123. For example, the command ssh [email protected] will connect to the machine with IP address 192.168.0.10 using the username sam and prompt for the password admin@1233. To find the file flag.txt in the machine, one can use a file searching tool such as find or locate to search for the file name in the machine’s file system. For example, the command find / -name flag.txt will search for the file flag.txt from the root directory (/) and display its location4. To enter the file’s content as the answer, one can use a file viewing tool such as cat or less to display the content of the file flag.txt. For example, the command cat /home/sam/flag.txt will display the content of the file flag.txt located in /home/sam/ directory5. The screenshot below shows an example of performing these steps: ![Screenshot of performing these steps] Reference: Nmap Tutorial, SSH Tutorial, Find Command Tutorial, Cat Command Tutorial, [Screenshot of performing these steps]

RSA Overview:

RSA is a widely accepted and strong public-key cryptographic algorithm that supports both

encryption and decryption functions. It is based on the mathematical difficulty of factoring large

prime numbers.

Reference: NIST SP 800-57, Recommendation for Key Management.

Strong Security:

RSA provides strong security through its use of large key sizes (typically 2048 bits or higher), making

it resistant to brute force and other cryptographic attacks.

Reference: RSA Laboratories' "PKCS #1: RSA Cryptography Specifications."

International Acceptance:

RSA is widely used and accepted internationally, making it suitable for PolarFin's requirements to

comply with various global financial regulations.

Reference: ISO/IEC 18033-2:2006, Information technology — Security techniques — Encryption

algorithms.

Encryption and Decryption:

RSA supports secure encryption of data, ensuring confidentiality, and decryption, allowing authorized

parties to access the encrypted information.

Reference: "Applied Cryptography" by Bruce Schneier.

Given the need for strong security and international acceptance, RSA is the best cryptographic

algorithm for PolarFin's new transactional system.

Content-based signature analysis is the type of attack signature analysis performed by Anderson in

the above scenario. Content-based signature analysis is a technique that analyzes packet header

fields such as IP options, IP protocols, IP fragmentation flags, offset, and identification to check

whether any fields are altered in transit. Content-based signature analysis can help detect attacks

that manipulate packet headers to evade detection or exploit vulnerabilities . Context-based

signature analysis is a technique that analyzes packet payloads such as application data or commands

to check whether they match any known attack patterns or signatures. Atomic-signature-based

analysis is a technique that analyzes individual packets to check whether they match any known

attack patterns or signatures. Composite-signature-based analysis is a technique that analyzes

multiple packets or sessions to check whether they match any known attack patterns or signatures.

The testing tier of a secure application development lifecycle involves checking the performance of

the application on the client’s network to determine whether end users are facing any issues in

accessing the application. Testing is a crucial phase of software development that ensures the quality,

functionality, reliability, and security of the application. Testing can be done manually or

automatically using various tools and techniques, such as unit testing, integration testing, system

testing, regression testing, performance testing, usability testing, security testing, and acceptance

testing

Managing and maintaining is the phase of firewall implementation and deployment in which Elliott

monitored the firewall logs in the above scenario. A firewall is a system or device that controls and

filters the incoming and outgoing traffic between different networks or systems based on predefined

rules or policies. A firewall can be used to protect a network or system from unauthorized access,

use, disclosure, modification, or destruction . Firewall implementation and deployment is a process

that involves planning, installing, configuring, testing, managing, and maintaining firewalls in a

network or system . Managing and maintaining is the phase of firewall implementation and

deployment that involves monitoring and reviewing the performance and effectiveness of firewalls

over time . Managing and maintaining can include tasks such as updating firewall rules or policies,

analyzing firewall logs , detecting evolving threats or attacks , ensuring firewall security , addressing

network issues , etc. In the scenario, Elliott was tasked with implementing and deploying firewalls in

the corporate network of an organization. After planning and deploying firewalls in the network,

Elliott monitored the firewall logs to detect evolving threats and attacks; this helped in ensuring

firewall security and addressing network issues beforehand. This means that he performed managing

and maintaining phase for this purpose. Deploying is the phase of firewall implementation and

deployment that involves installing and activating firewalls in the network or system according to the

plan. Testing is the phase of firewall implementation and deployment that involves verifying and

validating the functionality and security of firewalls before putting them into operation. Configuring

is the phase of firewall implementation and deployment that involves setting up and customizing

firewalls according to the requirements and specifications.