OCI Identity and Access Management (IAM) policies can include a where clause to specify conditions. This feature allows administrators to enforce more granular security by restricting access based on variables within the request context. For example, a policy can be written to only permit access from a specific range of IP addresses or require that the user has authenticated using multi-factor authentication (MFA). This directly implements an additional layer of security by ensuring that permissions are only granted when specific, verifiable conditions are met.

B. Users: Users are IAM principals (identities) that are granted permissions through policies; they are not the feature that defines conditional access rules.

C. Federation: Federation manages user identities from an external provider (e.g., Azure AD) but does not itself define the conditional logic for resource access within OCI policies.

D. Groups: Groups are collections of users for simplifying permission management. Policies are applied to groups, but the groups themselves do not contain conditional logic.

1. Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Documentation

"Policy Syntax": This document details the components of an IAM policy statement

including the where clause for conditions. It states

"You can add conditions to your policies to narrow the scope of the policy statement... A condition consists of one or more variables."

Reference: Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Documentation > Identity and Access Management > Policies > Policy Syntax

Section: "Conditions".

2. Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Documentation

"How Policies Work": This guide explains the core concepts of IAM policies. It describes how policies grant permissions and mentions the use of conditions for more specific control.

Reference: Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Documentation > Identity and Access Management > Policies > How Policies Work

Section: "Policy Attachment".

3. Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Documentation

"Overview of Identity and Access Management": This overview defines the core components of IAM

clearly distinguishing between principals (Users

Groups)

policies

and other features like Federation.

Reference: Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Documentation > Identity and Access Management > Overview of IAM

Sections: "Principals"

"Policies"

"Federation".